GPT-5.4 Nano vs NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra

OpenAI · US  |  NVIDIA · US · Updated June 2026

Quick verdict

Pick GPT-5.4 Nano for cheapest gpt-5.4-family tier at $0.20/$1.25 — built for high-volume, latency-sensitive work or classification, extraction, ranking and sub-agent execution at scale. Pick NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra for the most capable open-weight model from a us lab (artificial analysis intelligence index of about 48) or fast, efficient long-horizon agentic reasoning via a hybrid mamba-transformer design. Choose NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra if you need self-hosting or data privacy; GPT-5.4 Nano if you want a managed API.

GPT-5.4 Nano (OpenAI) and NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra (NVIDIA) are two of the models people most often weigh against each other in 2026. GPT-5.4 Nano is openAI's cheapest GPT-5.4 variant at $0.20/$1.25 with a 400K window — a speed-and-cost tier for high-volume tasks, not deep reasoning. NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra is nVIDIA's open-weight reasoning flagship (about 550B total, 55B active) — the most capable open model from a US lab, built for long-running agents. They diverge most on price, context window and open vs. closed weights — each quantified below from the models' real specs.

Key differences at a glance

Side-by-side specs

SpecGPT-5.4 NanoNVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra
ProviderOpenAI (US) NVIDIA (US)
ReleasedMarch 17, 2026 June 4, 2026
Context window400K (~600 pages) 1M (~1,500 pages)
Price (in/out)$0.2/$1.25 per 1M tokens Open weight (self-host / free)
Open weight?No — API only Yes — self-hostable
Modalitiestext, image, code text, code
SWE-Bench VerifiedNot published Not published
MRCR v2 @ 1MNot published Not published

Who wins what

Cheapest GPT-5.4-family tier at $0.20/$1.25 — built for high-volume, latency-sensitive work

GPT-5.4 Nano

GPT-5.4 Nano lists cheapest GPT-5.4-family tier at $0.20/$1.25 — built for high-volume, latency-sensitive work among its strengths; NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra does not.

Classification, extraction, ranking and sub-agent execution at scale

GPT-5.4 Nano

GPT-5.4 Nano lists classification, extraction, ranking and sub-agent execution at scale among its strengths; NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra does not.

A 400K context in the smallest, fastest GPT-5.4 variant

GPT-5.4 Nano

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra is comparatively weak here — a 550B mixture-of-experts is heavy to self-host, and the 1M context is rarely served in full

The most capable open-weight model from a US lab (Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index of about 48)

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra

Open weights make this possible at all — GPT-5.4 Nano is API-only, so it cannot leave the vendor's servers.

Fast, efficient long-horizon agentic reasoning via a hybrid Mamba-Transformer design

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra

Its 1M window holds about 2.5× more than GPT-5.4 Nano's 400K in a single prompt.

A fully open release — weights, training data, and recipes under a permissive license

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra

NVIDIA's open-weight reasoning flagship (about 550B total, 55B active) — the most capable open model from a US lab, built for long-running agents — and it carries the larger 1M context.

Lowest cost at scale

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra

Its weights are open, so at volume you pay for your own hardware instead of GPT-5.4 Nano's $0.2/$1.25 per 1M tokens.

Largest single-prompt input

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra

Its 1M window is about 2.5× larger than GPT-5.4 Nano's 400K, fitting roughly 1,500 pages in one prompt.

Which should you pick?

A cost-sensitive startup shipping high volume

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra

At Open weight (self-host / free) it undercuts GPT-5.4 Nano, and on millions of tokens that margin decides the monthly bill.

Someone analysing very long documents or codebases

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra

Larger 1M window fits more in one prompt.

A team with data-privacy or self-hosting needs

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra

Open weights let you run it on your own hardware; GPT-5.4 Nano is API-only.

Anyone whose priority is cheapest gpt-5.4-family tier at $0.20/$1.25 — built for high-volume, latency-sensitive work

GPT-5.4 Nano

It is specifically built for that.

Anyone whose priority is the most capable open-weight model from a us lab (artificial analysis intelligence index of about 48)

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra

That is its strongest area.

GPT-5.4 Nano: where it fits

OpenAI's cheapest GPT-5.4 variant at $0.20/$1.25 with a 400K window — a speed-and-cost tier for high-volume tasks, not deep reasoning. Released March 17, 2026 by OpenAI, it is built for cheapest GPT-5.4-family tier at $0.20/$1.25 — built for high-volume, latency-sensitive work, classification, extraction, ranking and sub-agent execution at scale, a 400K context in the smallest, fastest GPT-5.4 variant, and text and image input for cheap multimodal pipelines.

Its trade-offs are real: a nano tier — not built for hard reasoning or frontier coding, no published SWE-Bench Verified score (OpenAI reported SWE-Bench Pro instead), outclassed by GPT-5.4 and GPT-5.4 Mini whenever a task needs real depth, and image input only — no audio or video. At $0.2 in / $1.25 out per million tokens, it sits in the budget price band.

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra: where it fits

NVIDIA's open-weight reasoning flagship (about 550B total, 55B active) — the most capable open model from a US lab, built for long-running agents. Released June 4, 2026 by NVIDIA, it is built for the most capable open-weight model from a US lab (Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index of about 48), fast, efficient long-horizon agentic reasoning via a hybrid Mamba-Transformer design, a fully open release — weights, training data, and recipes under a permissive license, and strong coding for an open model (SWE-Bench Verified in the high 60s).

Its trade-offs: trails the best Chinese open models on overall intelligence, and a 550B mixture-of-experts is heavy to self-host, and the 1M context is rarely served in full. As an open-weight model, its running cost is your own hardware rather than a per-token fee.

The bottom line for this matchup

The defining split here is open vs. closed. NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra gives you weights you control — self-host it, fine-tune it, keep data in-house, pay only for hardware. GPT-5.4 Nano gives you a managed, always-updated API with no infrastructure to run. Teams with GPUs, privacy requirements, or huge volume often favour the open model; teams that want zero ops and the latest capabilities favour the closed one. Capability is close enough that this operational question, not the benchmark, usually decides it.

Want both GPT-5.4 Nano and NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra without two subscriptions? LumiChats gives you these plus 40+ models under one ₹69/day pass (about $1/day) — draft with one, cross-check with the other.

See pricing

Frequently asked questions

Is GPT-5.4 Nano or NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra better for coding?

Public SWE-Bench figures are not available for either model, so the honest test is your own repository — run an identical real bug through both. By design, GPT-5.4 Nano leans toward cheapest gpt-5.4-family tier at $0.20/$1.25 — built for high-volume, latency-sensitive work while NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra leans toward the most capable open-weight model from a us lab (artificial analysis intelligence index of about 48), and that positioning usually predicts which feels better on your codebase.

Which is cheaper, GPT-5.4 Nano or NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra?

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra is open-weight, so self-hosting means no per-token fee (you pay for hardware instead), while GPT-5.4 Nano is API-metered at $0.2/$1.25 per 1M tokens. For most teams without GPUs, the API model is cheaper to start; at very high volume, self-hosting can win.

Which has the bigger context window?

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra — 1M vs 400K, about 2.5× larger. Useful only if the model actually reasons over the full window, which not all do.

Can I use both GPT-5.4 Nano and NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra together?

Yes — a multi-model platform like LumiChats gives you GPT-5.4 Nano, NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra and 40+ others under one ₹69/day pass (about $1/day), so you can draft with one and cross-check with the other instead of buying two subscriptions.

Which is newer, GPT-5.4 Nano or NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra?

NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Ultra — released June 4, 2026, about 3 months after GPT-5.4 Nano.

Related comparisons

Specifications and benchmarks reflect publicly reported figures as of June 2026 and may change as providers release updates. Always verify on your own workload.