gpt-oss-120b vs MiniMax M3
OpenAI · US | MiniMax · China · Updated June 2026
Quick verdict
Pick gpt-oss-120b for self-hostable on a single 80gb h100 gpu via mxfp4 or configurable reasoning depth (low/medium/high). Pick MiniMax M3 for open-weight 428b moe (~23b active per token) with a 1m-token context or native multimodal input — text, image and video. On a tight budget at scale, gpt-oss-120b is the value pick.
gpt-oss-120b (OpenAI, US) and MiniMax M3 (MiniMax, China) line up two different AI ecosystems against each other — a comparison that is as much about cost philosophy and openness as raw capability. gpt-oss-120b is openAI's open-weight 117B-parameter MoE reasoning model (5.1B active) that runs on a single 80GB GPU and approaches o4-mini on reasoning, coding, and tool use. MiniMax M3 is miniMax's open-weight 428B multimodal model with a 1M context — strong reported coding (59.0 SWE-Bench Pro) at low entry pricing. They diverge most on price and context window — each quantified below from the models' real specs.
Key differences at a glance
- ▸Context window: MiniMax M3 holds 8× more — 1M (~1,573 pages) vs 131K (~197 pages). But effective recall usually fades long before the advertised ceiling, so the bigger number only helps if the model reasons over it.
- ▸Recency: MiniMax M3 is the newer model by about 10 months (released May 31, 2026), usually meaning fresher training data and capabilities.
- ▸Ecosystem: this is a US-vs-China matchup — they differ in pricing philosophy, data-residency options, and tooling ecosystems, not only benchmarks.
Side-by-side specs
| Spec | gpt-oss-120b | MiniMax M3 |
|---|---|---|
| Provider | OpenAI (US) | MiniMax (China) |
| Released | August 5, 2025 | May 31, 2026 |
| Context window | 131K (~197 pages) | 1M (~1,573 pages) |
| Price (in/out) | Open weight (self-host / free) | $0.23/$0.96 per 1M tokens |
| Open weight? | Yes — self-hostable | Yes — self-hostable |
| Modalities | text, code | text, image, video, code |
| SWE-Bench Verified | 62.4% | Not published |
| MRCR v2 @ 1M | Not published | Not published |
Who wins what
Self-hostable on a single 80GB H100 GPU via MXFP4
gpt-oss-120b
gpt-oss-120b lists self-hostable on a single 80GB H100 GPU via MXFP4 among its strengths; MiniMax M3 does not.
Configurable reasoning depth (low/medium/high)
gpt-oss-120b
gpt-oss-120b lists configurable reasoning depth (low/medium/high) among its strengths; MiniMax M3 does not.
Agentic tool use, function calling, and code execution
gpt-oss-120b
gpt-oss-120b lists agentic tool use, function calling, and code execution among its strengths; MiniMax M3 does not.
Open-weight 428B MoE (~23B active per token) with a 1M-token context
MiniMax M3
Its 1M window holds about 8× more than gpt-oss-120b's 131K in a single prompt.
Native multimodal input — text, image and video
MiniMax M3
gpt-oss-120b is comparatively weak here — text-only, no image, audio, or video input
Reports 59.0 on SWE-Bench Pro (a strong open-weight score), surpassing GPT-5.5
MiniMax M3
MiniMax's open-weight 428B multimodal model with a 1M context — strong reported coding (59.0 SWE-Bench Pro) at low entry pricing — and it carries the larger 1M context.
Lowest cost at scale
gpt-oss-120b
Its weights are open, so at volume you pay for your own hardware instead of MiniMax M3's $0.23/$0.96 per 1M tokens.
Largest single-prompt input
MiniMax M3
Its 1M window is about 8× larger than gpt-oss-120b's 131K, fitting roughly 1,573 pages in one prompt.
Which should you pick?
A cost-sensitive startup shipping high volume
→ gpt-oss-120b
At Open weight (self-host / free) it undercuts MiniMax M3, and on millions of tokens that margin decides the monthly bill.
Someone analysing very long documents or codebases
→ MiniMax M3
Larger 1M window fits more in one prompt.
Anyone whose priority is self-hostable on a single 80gb h100 gpu via mxfp4
→ gpt-oss-120b
It is specifically built for that.
Anyone whose priority is open-weight 428b moe (~23b active per token) with a 1m-token context
→ MiniMax M3
That is its strongest area.
An enterprise with regional data-residency rules
→ gpt-oss-120b or MiniMax M3
Origin (US vs China) affects where data is processed and which compliance regime applies — check the provider's terms for your region.
gpt-oss-120b: where it fits
OpenAI's open-weight 117B-parameter MoE reasoning model (5.1B active) that runs on a single 80GB GPU and approaches o4-mini on reasoning, coding, and tool use. Released August 5, 2025 by OpenAI, it is built for self-hostable on a single 80GB H100 GPU via MXFP4, configurable reasoning depth (low/medium/high), agentic tool use, function calling, and code execution, and full chain-of-thought visibility for debugging.
Its trade-offs are real: text-only, no image, audio, or video input, and 131K context and 5.1B active params trail the largest frontier closed models. As an open-weight model, its running cost is your own hardware rather than a per-token fee.
MiniMax M3: where it fits
MiniMax's open-weight 428B multimodal model with a 1M context — strong reported coding (59.0 SWE-Bench Pro) at low entry pricing. Released May 31, 2026 by MiniMax, it is built for open-weight 428B MoE (~23B active per token) with a 1M-token context, native multimodal input — text, image and video, reports 59.0 on SWE-Bench Pro (a strong open-weight score), surpassing GPT-5.5, and low entry pricing at $0.30/$1.20 per million up to 512K tokens.
Its trade-offs: price doubles to $0.60/$2.40 above 512K tokens — not flat across 1M, miniMax's own reported 80.5 SWE-Bench Verified figure is vendor-stated, not independently verified, sWE-Bench Pro is a different, harder benchmark than SWE-Bench Verified, and newer than M2.7 but with less independent testing so far. At $0.23 in / $0.96 out per million tokens, it sits in the budget price band.
The bottom line for this matchup
This is less "which is smarter" and more "which ecosystem fits." gpt-oss-120b (US) and MiniMax M3 (China) differ on pricing philosophy, data-residency, and tooling as much as on raw scores. gpt-oss-120b is the cheaper option, which matters at volume. The pragmatic move is to run one real task through both and judge the outputs against your own constraints — including where your data is allowed to be processed.
Want both gpt-oss-120b and MiniMax M3 without two subscriptions? LumiChats gives you these plus 40+ models under one ₹69/day pass (about $1/day) — draft with one, cross-check with the other.
See pricingFrequently asked questions
Is gpt-oss-120b or MiniMax M3 better for coding?
Public SWE-Bench figures are not available for MiniMax M3, so the honest test is your own repository — run an identical real bug through both. By design, gpt-oss-120b leans toward self-hostable on a single 80gb h100 gpu via mxfp4 while MiniMax M3 leans toward open-weight 428b moe (~23b active per token) with a 1m-token context, and that positioning usually predicts which feels better on your codebase.
Which is cheaper, gpt-oss-120b or MiniMax M3?
gpt-oss-120b is cheaper — Open weight (self-host / free) vs $0.23/$0.96 per 1M tokens.
Which has the bigger context window?
MiniMax M3 — 1M vs 131K, about 8× larger. Useful only if the model actually reasons over the full window, which not all do.
Can I use both gpt-oss-120b and MiniMax M3 together?
Yes — a multi-model platform like LumiChats gives you gpt-oss-120b, MiniMax M3 and 40+ others under one ₹69/day pass (about $1/day), so you can draft with one and cross-check with the other instead of buying two subscriptions.
Which is newer, gpt-oss-120b or MiniMax M3?
MiniMax M3 — released May 31, 2026, about 10 months after gpt-oss-120b.
Related comparisons
Specifications and benchmarks reflect publicly reported figures as of June 2026 and may change as providers release updates. Always verify on your own workload.